Effect of Stretching Exercises on Spasticity in Stroke Patients-A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is the commonest and most severe neurological disorder, causing reduced functional level, decreased quality of life and even loss of life. Researches with inconsistent outcomes and several procedural restrictions have been directed to evaluate the effectiveness of starching for patients with stroke. Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of stretching exercises on patients with stroke. Method: Five databases (PubMed, Cinahl, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched to identify eligible studies. Pooled standardized mean differences were calculated using a random effects model. The PRISMA statement was followed to increase clarity of reporting. Results: Five studies, including 168 patients, reporting on the subject of stretching exercises and conventional physiotherapy were analyzed. These interventions showed a statistically significant effect on gain of range of motion, reduction of spasticity, improvement of myoelectric activity, increase of muscle flexibility and improvement in distribution of body weight and postural balance. Conclusion: Stretching exercises seemed to be the most effective treatment to reduced spasticity. When it is appropriately targeted, it significantly improves flexibility and postural balance.